The phenomenon of forced migration, as a complex issue within the framework of global governance, necessitates a redefinition of institutional capacities at both the national and international levels.
Adopting a comparative approach, this study examines the effectiveness of the legal mechanisms of the Islamic Republic of Iran in protecting forced migrants in contrast with the requirements of international law, and—focusing on a case study of the Gaza Strip—analyzes the structural gaps arising from the absence of independent governing institutions.
The findings indicate that, despite Iran’s legislative efforts regarding refugees, the inefficiency of regional oversight bodies in Gaza has created severe legal challenges. The article concludes by proposing solutions aimed at legislating in alignment with institutional development, thereby improving protective frameworks.